{"id":825,"date":"2009-02-22T21:59:00","date_gmt":"2009-02-22T20:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/visitatina.com\/?p=825"},"modified":"2020-06-07T14:37:30","modified_gmt":"2020-06-07T12:37:30","slug":"history-of-atina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/visitatina.com\/fr\/history\/history-of-atina\/","title":{"rendered":"History of Atina"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ancient village of <strong>Atina<\/strong> rises in a dominant position, close to the Meta mountain group, in the heart of the Mainarde, in the upper Melfa valley, the Comino Valley.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-secondary-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">The origins and the legend<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are many opinions on the origin of its name. Those who believe it was founded by <strong>Saturn<\/strong> (<strong>Saturnus<\/strong> in Latin, <strong>Cronos<\/strong> in Greek), believe that he named it after the name of his nephew <strong>Anitino<\/strong>; someone says it comes from <strong>Ate<\/strong>, goddess of mischief. Others from <strong>Atinia<\/strong>, a species of elm; most from <strong>Athena<\/strong>, from Pallas, protector of the city which in Greek is <strong><strong>\u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u1fb6<\/strong><\/strong>, read <strong>Atina<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An ancient legend tells <strong>Saturn<\/strong> was chased away from <strong>Jupiter<\/strong>, tooked refuge near <strong>Giano<\/strong>, who reigned in the peninsula of <strong>Citi<\/strong> (Italy) and ruled with him for a long time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Saturn<\/strong>&nbsp;was said to have&nbsp;founded&nbsp;the&nbsp;five&nbsp;Saturnian&nbsp;towns&nbsp;of Latium: Aletrium (today <strong>Alatri<\/strong>), Anagnia (<strong>Anagni<\/strong>), Arpinum (<strong>Arpino<\/strong>), <strong>Atina<\/strong> and Ferentinum (<strong>Ferentino<\/strong>, also known as Antinum) all located in the Latin Valley, province of Frosinone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-secondary-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">Ancient history<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Virgil<\/strong>, in the <strong>Aeneid<\/strong>, calls it &#8220;powerful&#8221; (Aen. VII, 630).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M. Valerio Marziale<\/strong> in his epigrams calls it ancient (book X, 92.2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cicero<\/strong>, in his oration <strong>pro Planco<\/strong>, qualifies it as a <strong>rich Prefecture<\/strong> (ch. VIII).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Atina<\/strong> is mentioned by historians <strong>Titus Livy<\/strong>, <strong>Diodorus Siculus<\/strong>, <strong>Caius Pliny<\/strong> the Second, <strong>C. Silius Italicus<\/strong>, <strong>Claudius Ptolemy<\/strong>, <strong>Valerius Maximus<\/strong>, and <strong>Frontino<\/strong>, who count it among the Roman colonies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To these authoritative voices are added others who would like to identify it as a fierce stronghold of the warlike <strong>Volsci<\/strong> who, in case of danger, would withdraw with their cattle into the walled circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Studies carried out by <strong>Dr. G. R. Bellini<\/strong> of the Soprintendenza Archeologica per il Lazio (Archaeological Superintendence for Latium), have made it possible to attribute to the City a prominent strategic importance from the 4th century B.C. on the occasion of the arrival of <strong>Samnite people<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Samnites<\/strong> in a short time raised a double imposing barrier of <strong>polygonal walls<\/strong>, with the task of controlling and defending the access roads to the <strong>Sannio<\/strong> (the route from Cassino and then from the coast and, the route from Sora, i.e. from the Middle Liri Valley).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Along these roads you can still meet some sanctuaries, such as that of <strong>&#8220;Pescarola&#8221;<\/strong>, where the cult of water was practiced in honour of the divinities of the woods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 293 B.C. the atinate&#8217;s territory was sacked (Livio, X, 39.5) by the Roman legions committed to destroy the enemy positions of Aquilonia and Cominium (third Samnite war).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-secondary-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">Roman Empire<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the Roman occupation of the city began changes in the customs and traditions of the Atinati. A gradual urban transformation was undertaken, creating urban networks consisting essentially of the Forum, the center of the city, and two main axes (cardo and decumanus).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Atinati continually opposed these transformations and rebelled against the occupation of Rome on several occasions. It became a Cologne and was enrolled in the Teretina tribe, but its inhabitants were not granted any rights. At the beginning of the first century B.C. it was the centre of fights between <strong>Italics<\/strong>, <strong>Marsi<\/strong> and <strong>Samnites<\/strong> against the <strong>Romans<\/strong>, and, because of its hostile and rebellious behaviour, it became &#8220;municipium&#8221; only after Caesar&#8217;s death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After the urban transformations it underwent, <strong>Atina<\/strong> became the holiday resort of wealthy aristocratic families, some of which &#8211; like the gens. Planco, Pomponio, Saturnina, Rufo &#8211; erected splendid villas according to the canons of Hellenistic architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the meantime, numerous country residences sprang up all over the territory. Among the most important public works we remember the Forum with the Baths, the Imperial Baths, the Amphitheatre and the Aqueduct that from the springs of Chiusi, brought water into the city through an underground conduit.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The ancient village of Atina rises in a dominant position, close to the Meta mountain group, in the heart of the Mainarde, in the upper Melfa valley, the Comino Valley. The origins and the legend There are many opinions on the origin of its name. Those who believe it was founded by Saturn (Saturnus in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[322],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.9 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The History of Atina, from Saturn to Modern Time - Visit Atina<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/visitatina.com\/fr\/history\/history-of-atina\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"History of Atina\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The ancient village of Atina rises in a dominant position, close to the Meta mountain group, in the heart of the Mainarde, in the upper Melfa valley, the Comino Valley. 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